Adaptive models of the four-switch buck-boost converter
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15588/1607-6761-2025-2-5Keywords:
FSBB converter, ECAD programs, Switching models, programmable behavioral elements, model quality indicatorsAbstract
Purpose. Development of an economic adaptive model for the power stage of a four-switches buck-boost converter (FSBB) together with a control system that adequately simulates all modes of its operation.
Methodology. The main research method is mathematical modeling; empirical formulas are used to calculate the model parameters; a behavioral programming approach is used for the structural synthesis of the converter model.
Findings. The prospects for using a FSBB converter in energy conversion systems where the input and output voltages vary relative to each other are shown. The advantages of using computer-aided design (ECAD) programs for modeling converters together with control systems as multi-domain systems are identified. Approaches to modeling converters together with control systems are analyzed and limitations of using models based on "state space averaging" for studying electromagnetic characteristics and temperature management in the power stage of the converter are indicated.
A method for forming a dynamic FSBB model for ECAD program Micro-Cap 12 based on simulating the behavior of power switches over time and replacing them with programmable resistors is proposed. To control the rigidity of the model and accelerate the simulation, optimal values of the resistances of these resistors are obtained. A converter model was developed for the PSIM program too and a comparative analysis of modeling and simulation quality indicators in the Micro-Cap and PSIM programs was conducted. Recommendations for the fields of use of the developed models have been formed.
Originality. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the way of presenting an economical Spice-compatible dynamic model of FSBB, in which the power stage and the control system are integrated through the use of behavioral models for power switches. In these behavioral elements, the switching conditions are programmed by comparing the carrier signal with the reference of the PWM control subsystem; both signals are normalized and the reference is proportional to the duty cycle. By dynamically redefining the duty cycle parameter, the model is adapted for any converter mode (buck, boost, and transition), which makes it universal. A simple converter model was also developed together with a control system for the PSIM program, which makes it possible not only to analyze electromagnetic characteristics, but also to import to SmartControl the necessary transfer functions for optimal controller synthesis.
Practical value. The proposed models allow analyzing dynamic processes in the FSBB converter, optimally combining such contradictory indicators of simulation quality as accuracy and efficiency. The model for Micro-Cap allows to adequately simulate the transient processes of the power stage of the converter, since it is obtained without prior linearization and averaging, in addition, it can be supplemented with temperature coefficients, this option is absent for the PSIM model. The PSIM model makes it possible to obtain a transfer function for the synthesis of the control system.
References
Vasylenko, O.V., Snizhnoi, G.V. (2024). Pіdkhodi u modelyuvannі sistem peretvorennya yelektroenergії v gіbridnikh transportnikh zasobakh [Approaches in modeling electrical energy conversion systems in hybrid vehicles]. Elektrotehnika i elektroenergetika, 4, 36-47. (in Ukrainian) DOI: https://doi.org/10.15588/1607-6761-2024-4-4
Camara, M.B., Gualous, H., Gustin, F., Berthon, A., Dakyo, B. (2010). DC/DC Converter Design for Supercapacitor and Battery Power Management in Hybrid Vehicle Applications - Polynomial Control Strategy. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 57, 2, 587-597. DOI:10.1109/TIE.2009.2025283
Soedibyo, Amri, B., Ashari, M. (2015). The comparative study of Buck-boost, Cuk, Sepic and Zeta converters for maximum power point tracking photovoltaic using P&O method. 2nd International Conference on Information Technology, Computer, and Electrical Engineering (ICITACEE), 327-332. DOI: 10.1109/ICITACEE.2015.7437823.
Ma, Y., Wang, S., Zhang, S., Fan, X. (2013). An automatic peak-valley current mode step-up/step-down DC-DC converter with smooth transition. Proceedings of International Conference on ASIC. 1-4. DOI: 10.1109/ASICON.2013.6812054.
Malou, A., Allard, B., Hijazi, A., lin shi, Xuefang. (2018). 4-Switch Buck-Boost DC–DC Converter: A Case Study. Journal of Low Power Electronics. 14. 558-581. DOI:10.1166/jolpe.2018.1583.
Vasylenko, O., Reva, V., Snizhnoi, G. (2019). Simulation of ACS for magnetic susceptibility measurements in ECAD based on time domain functions. Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Computer Modeling and Intelligent Systems (CMIS-2019), 2353, 689-701. Access mode: http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2353/paper55.pdf
Plesnik, M. (2006). Use of the State-Space Averaging Technique in Fast Steady-State Simulation Algorithms for Switching Power Converters. Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering. 2224-2227. DOI:10.1109/CCECE.2006.277579
Vasylenko, O., Snizhnoi, G. (2018). PWM controller's models for investigation ACS in SPICE- family ECAD programs. Elektrotehnika i elektroenergetika, 1, 64-71.
Hymowitz, C.E. (1998). Power specialist’s app note book. San Pedro. CA 90733-0710 USA, intusoft, 171.
Gallo, E., Biadene, D., Cvejić, F., Spiazzi, G., Caldognetto, T. (2024). An Energy-Based Model of Four-Switch Buck-Boost Converters. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 1-11. DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2023.3349327.
Zhang, W., Lin, H., Zhang, Y., Jin, J. (2017). Modeling and Controlling Strategy of Four-Switch Buck-boost Convertor with Smooth Mode Transitions. The Open Electrical & Electronic Engineering Journal. 11. 57-67. DOI: 10.2174/1874129001711010057.
Qi, Z., Tang, J., Pei, J., Shan, L. (2020). Fractional Controller Design of a DC-DC Converter for PEMFC. IEEE Access, 8, 120134-120144, DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3005439
Feng, H., Liu, Y., Guo, C., Li, Y., Li, T. (2025). Graphical Smooth Switching Control Method of Four-Switch Buck-Boost Converter in Fuel Cell Systems. IEEE Access. 1-1. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3535562.
Wu, C., Si, G., Zhang, Y., Yang, N. N. (2014). The fractional-order state-space averaging modeling of the Buck-Boost DC/DC converter in discontinuous conduction mode and the performance analysis. Nonlinear Dynamics, 79, 1, 889–703. DOI: 10.1007/s11071-014-1695-4
Dupe, V., Jammes, B., Seguier, L., Alonso, C. (2013). Behavioral modeling of power losses in FSBB converters. PCIM Europe Conference Proceedings.
Torrey, D., Selamogullari, U. (2002). A Behavioral Model for DC-DC Converters using Modelica. 2 International Modelica Conference, Proceedings, 167-172.
Basso, C. Switch-Mode Power Supplies Spice Simulations and Practical Designs. (2008). McGraw-Hill Professional, ISBN: 978-0-07-158935-2. 117.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 O.V. Vasylenko, G.V. Snizhnoi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Creative Commons Licensing Notifications in the Copyright Notices
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under aCreative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
